Git Merge Again After Revert Already Up to Date

Git Merge How to Utilise Git Merge [the Correct Way]

Isolating features into different branches is a crucial do for whatever serious developer. Past separating each feature, bugfix or working experiment you will avoid a lot of problems and keep your evolution branches clean.

At some point, a slice of code will achieve a state where you'll want to integrate it with the rest of the project. This is where the git merge command comes in.

Preparing to Merge

Let's presume that y'all want to merge branch hotfix into your main branch.

Before you start, how to brand certain that you are prepare to merge your changes?

1. Bank check if your local repository is up to engagement with the latest changes from your remote server with a git fetch.
2. Once the fetch is completed git checkout master.
3. Ensure the master co-operative has the latest updates past executing git pull.
4. Checkout to the branch that should receive the changes, in our case that is principal.

Merging

In one case the preparations are completed, you can start the merge with git merge hotfix control.

Fast Forward Merge

A fast-forward merge can occur when there is a linear path between branches that you want to merge. If a primary has not diverged, instead of creating a new commit, information technology will just point master to the latest commit of the hotfix branch. All commits from hotfix branch are now available in main.

However, a fast-forward merge is not possible if the branches accept diverged. In this instance, you want to use a Three-manner merge.

3-Way Merge

When there is not a linear path to the target branch, Git has no choice but to combine them via a iii-style merge. This merge uses an extra commit to tie together the ii branches.

Test this out! Create your own project with an RSpec test branch and at the same time edit the Controller tests in master. Now, effort to merge.

How to Deal With Merge Conflicts

A merge conflict occurs when two branches you're trying to merge both changed the aforementioned part of the same file, Git won't be able to effigy out which version to use.

For example, if the file example.rb was edited on the same lines in different branches of the aforementioned Git repository or if the file was deleted, y'all will get a merge conflict error when you attempt to merge these branches. Before you can go along, the merge conflict has to be resolved with a new commit.

Merge conflicts will just occur in the event of a 3-way merge.

1. Generate a list of the files which need to be resolved: git condition

              # On branch master # Yous take unmerged paths. #   (ready conflicts and run "git commit") # Unmerged paths: #   (use "git add together ..." to mark resolution) # both modified: case.rb # no changes added to commit (utilize "git add" and/or "git commit -a")                          

1. When the conflicted line is encountered, Git will edit the content of the affected files with visual indicators that marker both sides of the conflicting content. These visual markers are:
   • <<<<<<< - Disharmonize marker, the conflict starts after this line.
   • ======= - Divides your changes from the changes in the other branch.
   • >>>>>>> - End of the conflicted lines.

              <<<<<<< Caput(master) conflicted text from Head(chief) ======= conflicted text from hotfix >>>>>>> hotfix                          

1. Make up one's mind if you want to keep only your hotfix or master changes, or write a completely new code. Delete the disharmonize markers before merging your changes.
2. When you're ready to merge, all y'all have to practise is run git add control on the conflicted files to tell Git they're resolved.
3. Commit your changes with git commit to generate the merge commit.

Hope this helped you lot get a amend agreement how to merge your branches and deal with conflicts.

This article is originally published on Kolosek Web log.

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Source: https://dev.to/neshaz/how-to-use-git-merge-the-correctway-25pd

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